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Technical Overview of the Expanxia Ecosystem

Executive Summary

The Expanxia platform represents a cohesive, modular ecosystem engineered to address the entire lifecycle of next-generation interactive 3D content—from creation and optimization to distribution, monetization, and management. It marks a fundamental architectural breakthrough, shifting away from siloed tools and monolithic, video-based streaming toward an integrated, data-driven framework. The core principle is the transmission of structured application data rather than compressed video, enabling unprecedented scalability, latency, and interactivity.

This document provides a technical overview of the key components of the Expanxia ecosystem:

  • The Foundation (Kiro Engine & Core Networking): The client-side rendering engine and the server-side networking backbone.
  • Content Creation & Optimization (Broadcaster, Builder & Asset Optimizer): The tools for collaborative world-building and automated content preparation.
  • Management & Orchestration (Portal): The central hub for asset management, workflow automation, and commercial operations.

Each component is designed for interoperability, leveraging the strengths of the others to create a comprehensive, end-to-end solution. The platform is built on open standards like QUIC, WebGPU, and glTF to ensure future-proof architecture and prevent vendor lock-in.

Foundational Layers: Rendering and Networking

The strength of the Expanxia ecosystem lies in its robust foundation, comprising a unified cross-platform engine and a revolutionary networking stack that work in concert.

The Kiro Engine: A Unified Runtime

The Kiro Engine serves as the primary client-side runtime for all Expanxia experiences. It is a "write-once, deploy-everywhere" solution built in Rust, capable of compiling to both high-performance native applications and near-native WebAssembly modules for browser-based deployment. This dual-target capability eliminates the performance-accessibility trade-off that has historically constrained interactive 3D content.

Key technical features include:

  • WebGPU Graphics: Kiro utilizes the next-generation WebGPU graphics standard, providing direct, low-level GPU access in web browsers without plugins. It abstracts over native APIs like Vulkan, Metal, and DirectX 12, ensuring consistent, high-performance rendering across all platforms.
  • Data-Oriented ECS Architecture: The engine is built on an Entity-Component-System (ECS) architecture, which organizes data for maximum CPU cache efficiency. This design is the critical counterpart to the server's networking model, as it can directly process the serialized ECS state data streamed from the Expanxia Core Server.
  • Advanced Rendering and Assets: Kiro supports Physically Based Rendering (PBR), Slang-based universal shaders, and dynamic HDRI lighting for photorealistic visuals. Its asset pipeline is built around the glTF 2.0 standard, making it the ideal consumption target for assets processed by the Asset Optimizer Pipeline.

The Networking Backbone: Broadcaster, Core Server, and ExCast

Expanxia replaces traditional pixel streaming with a data-streaming paradigm. This is achieved through three distinct but cooperative components.

  1. Expanxia ExCast Broadcaster: This is a lightweight plugin designed for integration into third-party engines like Unity and Unreal. Its function is to act as the source of an interactive stream. It captures the real-time application state from within the engine—not as video pixels, but as structured data like entity transformations, component states, and events—and transmits it using the ExCast protocol.

  2. Expanxia ExCast Protocol: This is the foundational transport technology, a low-level, QUIC-native protocol. It is optimized for the real-time transmission of structured data, yielding dramatic performance improvements over traditional methods, including a potential 99.96% reduction in bandwidth per user and an 82% reduction in end-to-end latency compared to video pixel streaming. Its use of multiplexed QUIC streams eliminates head-of-line blocking and provides integrated TLS 1.3 encryption.

  3. Expanxia Core Server: This is the authoritative multiplayer networking platform that receives the data streams from one or more ExCast Broadcasters. It acts as a high-concurrency replication and distribution hub. Upon receiving the data, it uses advanced interest management and delta compression to efficiently replicate the state to hundreds or even thousands of connected clients.

Synergy: This architecture creates a powerful "one-to-many" or "few-to-many" streaming model. A single game instance running the ExCast Broadcaster can stream its state to a Core Server, which then distributes it at massive scale. This also enables "Multi-Engine Broadcasting," where Broadcasters from different engines (e.g., Unity and Unreal) can feed their data into the same Core Server, allowing disparate experiences to coexist within a unified virtual space.

Content Creation and Optimization

With a robust foundation for rendering and networking, the ecosystem provides advanced tools for creating and optimizing the content that populates these interactive worlds.

The Expanxia Builder: Real-Time Collaborative Creation

The Expanxia Builder is a "play-and-edit" content creation platform where users can simultaneously build, test, and iterate within a live, persistent multiplayer environment. It is the convergence point for many of the ecosystem's core technologies:

  • Live Collaboration: The Builder's sub-second synchronization and millisecond-precision live feedback are powered directly by the Core Server and ExCast networking stack. Every build or edit action is a network event, replicated efficiently to all collaborators in real-time.
  • Cross-Platform Consistency: Its Universal Common Core ensures identical building behavior and physics across native and web clients, a direct result of being built upon the Kiro Engine's unified architecture.
  • Interoperable Asset System: The Builder leverages an engine-agnostic GLTF standard and a binary-aligned modular construction system, making it highly performant and flexible. It is designed to import full-resolution 3D objects and PBR textures, overcoming the proprietary and stylistic limitations of other platforms. This capability is underpinned by the Expanxia Portal's asset management features.

The Asset Optimizer Pipeline: Automated Content Readiness

To ensure that high-quality assets perform efficiently across all devices, the Asset Optimizer Pipeline provides an automated, intelligent toolchain for preparing content for real-time delivery. This pipeline is the critical link between raw creative assets and a performant user experience.

  • Automated LOD Generation: The pipeline uses Quadric Error Metric (QEM) algorithms to automatically generate 12+ distinct Level of Detail (LOD) hierarchies for a single asset, achieving up to 81% geometry reduction. It also intelligently preserves skeletal animation fidelity and bakes high-poly normal maps onto low-poly models.
  • Novel GLTF_LOD Extension: A key innovation is a custom glTF extension that packages all LOD levels and textures into a single, streamable file. This self-contained format is designed for progressive enhancement and selective loading.
  • Synergy with Kiro and Core Server: The Kiro Engine and common core client is designed to understand this GLTF_LOD format and implement adaptive streaming logic. When a user enters a world, the Core Server initially sends the ultra-lightweight LODs for all visible objects, enabling sub-10-second interaction times. As the user moves, the Kiro client requests higher-quality LODs based on proximity and device capabilities, which are then streamed seamlessly from the server.

Management, Distribution, and Ecosystem Integration

The final piece of the ecosystem is the Expanxia Portal, a central hub that manages the entire asset lifecycle and orchestrates the interplay between the other components.

The Expanxia Portal: A Unified Asset & Operations Hub

The Expanxia Portal is a federated microservices platform that provides a unified backend for digital asset management, workflow orchestration, security, and monetization. It acts as the operational nervous system for the entire ecosystem.

  • Hybrid Storage and Distribution: The Portal utilizes a hybrid storage fabric, tiering data between high-performance S3-compatible storage for active workflows and immutable IPFS for decentralized distribution. This fabric serves assets directly to the Core Server and end-user clients.
  • Automated Workflow Orchestration: Its container-based orchestration engine can automate complex, multi-step tasks. For example, a creator can upload a high-poly model to the Portal, and the orchestrator can automatically trigger an Asset Optimizer Pipeline worker to process it. The resulting optimized GLTF_LOD asset is then versioned and stored back into the Portal's repository, ready for use in the Builder.
  • Sovereignty-First Architecture: The Portal provides complete data sovereignty through a self-hosted Keycloak Identity Provider and a Hyperswitch payment orchestration layer. This provides the secure identity, access control, and monetization framework (including DLT-based digital rights management) for all experiences built and deployed through the Expanxia ecosystem.

Ecosystem Synergy: A Complete Workflow Example

The synergy of the Expanxia ecosystem is best illustrated through a typical end-to-end workflow:

  1. Asset Ingestion: A creator uploads a raw 3D model to the Expanxia Portal.
  2. Automated Optimization: The Portal's workflow engine dispatches the model to the Asset Optimizer Pipeline, which automatically generates a multi-level, streamable GLTF_LOD file and stores it back in the Portal's hybrid S3/IPFS storage.
  3. Collaborative Creation: An influencer, gamer, or team uses the Expanxia Builder to create a persistent social hub using the optimized assets.
  4. Live Experience Integration: An Unreal or Unity game, using the ExCast Broadcaster plugin, streams its live game state to the Core Server. Simultaneously, the persistent social hub built with the Builder is also managed by the same Core Server infrastructure showing both social hub surrounding the live broadcasted game in the same space.
  5. Dynamic Delivery & Interaction: A user joins the social hub via a web browser. The Kiro Engine (as WebAssembly) renders the hub. The user approaches a portal in the hub that leads to the live game. Upon entering, the Core Server begins streaming the ECS state data from the Unity Broadcaster to the user's client. The Kiro Engine renders the game in real-time based on this data stream, starting with low-LODs for instant interaction and adaptively streaming higher quality versions as needed.
  6. Lifecycle Management: All aspects of the asset's lifecycle, from rights and licensing to potential monetization, are managed through the Portal's secure, sovereign backend infrastructure.

For more details, contact Expanxia at info@expanxia.com

© 2025 Expanxia. All rights reserved. This document is subject to change and is for informational purposes only. It does not constitute a legal or commercial commitment. No part of this publication may be reproduced in part or modified without prior written permission from Expanxia.

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